Located in:
- II. Strategic Elements
The Unified or Combined State Plan must include a Strategic Planning Elements section that analyzes the State’s current economic environment and identifies the State’s overall vision for its workforce development system. The required elements in this section allow the State to develop data-driven goals for preparing an educated and skilled workforce and to identify successful strategies for aligning workforce development programs. Unless otherwise noted, all Strategic Planning Elements apply to Combined State Plan partner programs included in the plan as well as to core programs.
- a. Economic, Workforce, and Workforce Development Activities Analysis
The Unified or Combined State Plan must include an analysis of the economic conditions, economic development strategies, and labor market in which the State’s workforce system and programs will operate.
- a. Economic, Workforce, and Workforce Development Activities Analysis
II. a. 1. A. Economic Analysis (A.I -A.III)
The Unified or Combined State Plan must include an analysis of the economic conditions and trends in the State, including sub-State regions and any specific economic areas identified by the State. This must include-
i. Existing Demand Industry Sectors and Occupations
Provide an analysis of the industries and occupations for which there is existing demand.
ii. Emerging Industry Sectors and Occupation
Provide an analysis of the industries and occupations for which demand is emerging.
iii. Employers’ Employment Needs
With regard to the industry sectors and occupations identified in 1 and 2 above, provide an assessment of the employment needs of employers, including a description of the knowledge, skills, and abilities required, including credentials and licenses.
Current Narrative:
i. Existing Demand Industry Sectors and Occupations
Existing Demand Industry Sectors
As of September 2015, industries with the most demand were all services-producing industries with trade, transportation and utilities generating the most demand (1,678,000 jobs), followed by education and health services (1,218,100 jobs), professional and business services (1,206,700 jobs) and leisure and hospitality (1,153,800 jobs). Construction (+6.6 percent) and leisure and hospitality (+5.3 percent) were the fastest growing major industries. As of September 2015, national annual growth rates (seasonally adjusted) in construction (+3.4 percent), manufacturing (+0.8 percent), trade, transportation and utilities (+2.0 percent), financial activities (+1.9 percent), education and health services (+2.8 percent), and leisure and hospitality (+3.0 percent) were less than the expansion rates for Florida. Florida (+3.0 percent) had the strongest over-the-year seasonally adjusted growth rate among the ten most populous states in September 2015, California was next at 2.8 percent and North Carolina ranked third (+2.6 percent). Among all states, Florida ranked fifth and California ranked sixth in seasonally adjusted annual growth rate.
Figure 2.01
Nonagricultural Employment in Florida, Seasonally Adjusted
Industry Title | September2015 | August 2015 | September2014 | Over the Month ChangeLevel | Over the Month Change % | Over the Year ChangeLevel | Over the Year Change% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total Nonagricultural Employment | 8,113,900 | 8,111,800 | 7,878,200 | 2,100 | * | 235,700 | 3.0 |
Total Private | 7,040,900 | 7,032,200 | 6,806,500 | 8,700 | 0.1 | 234,400 | 3.4 |
Goods Producing | 771,300 | 769,600 | 741,300 | 1,700 | 0.2 | 30,000 | 4.0 |
Construction | 429,500 | 426,300 | 402,800 | 3,200 | 0.8 | 26,700 | 6.6 |
Manufacturing | 336,300 | 337,800 | 332,800 | -1,500 | -0.4 | 3,500 | 1.1 |
Durable Goods | 228,900 | 230,400 | 224,300 | -1,500 | -0.7 | 4,600 | 2.1 |
Nondurable Goods | 107,400 | 107,400 | 108,500 | 0 | 0.0 | -1,100 | -1.0 |
Service Providing | 7,342,600 | 7,342,200 | 7,136,900 | 400 | * | 205,700 | 2.9 |
Private Service Providing | 6,269,600 | 6,262,600 | 6,065,200 | 7,000 | 0.1 | 204,400 | 3.4 |
Trade, Transportation, and Utilities | 1,678,000 | 1,677,200 | 1,633,500 | 800 | * | 44,500 | 2.7 |
Wholesale Trade | 338,500 | 337,600 | 330,500 | 900 | 0.3 | 8,000 | 2.4 |
Retail Trade | 1,073,400 | 1,075,100 | 1,048,000 | -1,700 | -0.2 | 25,400 | 2.4 |
Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities | 266,100 | 264,500 | 255,000 | 1,600 | 0.6 | 11,100 | 4.4 |
Information | 134,400 | 135,300 | 136,300 | -900 | -0.7 | -1,900 | -1.4 |
Financial Activities | 539,800 | 536,300 | 524,800 | 3,500 | 0.7 | 15,000 | 2.9 |
Finance and Insurance | 360,300 | 358,300 | 351,500 | 2,000 | 0.6 | 8,800 | 2.5 |
Real estate, Rental, and Leasing | 179,500 | 178,000 | 173,300 | 1,500 | 0.8 | 6,200 | 3.6 |
Professional and Business Services | 1,206,700 | 1,210,500 | 1,180,400 | -3,800 | -0.3 | 26,300 | 2.2 |
Professional and Technical Services | 510,300 | 511,800 | 493,900 | -1,500 | -0.3 | 16,400 | 3.3 |
Management of Companies and Enterprises | 98,900 | 98,500 | 94,500 | 400 | 0.4 | 4,400 | 4.7 |
Administrative and Waste Services | 597,500 | 600,200 | 592,000 | -2,700 | -0.4 | 5,500 | 0.9 |
Education and Health Services | 1,128,100 | 1,220,400 | 1,167,900 | -2,300 | -0.2 | 50,200 | 4.3 |
Educational Services | 151,700 | 153,400 | 149,400 | -1,700 | -1.1 | 2,300 | 1.5 |
Health Care and Social Assistance | 1,066,400 | 1,067,000 | 1,018,500 | -600 | -0.1 | 47,900 | 4.7 |
Leisure and Hospitality | 1,153,800 | 1,146,600 | 1,095,700 | 7,200 | 0.6 | 58,100 | 5.3 |
Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation | 221,300 | 218,900 | 210,600 | 2,400 | 1.1 | 10,700 | 5.1 |
Accommodation and Food Services | 932,500 | 927,700 | 885,100 | 4,800 | 0.5 | 47,400 | 5.4 |
Other Services | 338,800 | 336,300 | 326,600 | 2,500 | 0.7 | 12,200 | 3.7 |
Total Government | 1,073,000 | 1,079,600 | 1,071,700 | -6,600 | -0.6 | 1,300 | 0.1 |
Federal | 134,100 | 134,300 | 132,100 | -200 | -0.1 | 2,000 | 1.5 |
State | 209,100 | 211,200 | 206,900 | -2,100 | -1.0 | 2,200 | 1.1 |
Local | 729,800 | 734,100 | 732,700 | -4,300 | -0.6 | -2,900 | -0.4 |
Source: Florida Department of Economic Opportunity, Bureau of Labor Market Statistics, Current Employment Statistics, December 2015
Existing Demand Occupations
Existing demand occupations are occupations that have the highest number of projected total job openings. Total job openings reflect (1) job openings resulting from employment growth and (2) job openings resulting from replacement needs, which arise when workers retire or otherwise permanently leave an occupation. In most occupations, replacement needs provide many more job openings than employment growth does.
Existing demand occupations tend to be occupations that serve the most basic societal needs. The most common existing demand occupations in the U.S. labor market are low-skill, hourly wage occupations with high turnover. Florida follows the national pattern, with common existing demand occupations in the state, including retail salespersons, food preparation and serving workers, waiters and waitresses, and cashiers. However, some existing demand occupations in Florida are relatively high-skill. Such occupations include registered nurses, accountants and auditors, and elementary school teachers.
The top five existing demand occupations for Florida statewide are related to customer service and hospitality. Retail salespersons is the top existing demand occupation, with 142,563 projected total job openings between 2015 and 2023. Two of the top existing demand occupations are the healthcare occupations registered nurses and nursing assistants, which have a relatively high turnover rate and will continue to experience employment growth as a result of the increasing demand for healthcare services, driven by population growth and aging, expanding insurance coverage, and technological change. Only two of the top existing demand occupations require significant technical training: registered nurses and accountants and auditors.
The following table displays the top 15 existing demand occupations (based on 2015-2023 total job openings) for Florida statewide.
Figure 2.02
Top 15 Existing Demand Occupations
Rank | Code | Occupation | 2015 Employment | 2023 Employment | 2015-23 Level Change | 2015-23 Percent Change | 2015-23 Total Job Openings | 2015 Median Hourly Wage | 2015 Entry Wage | 2015 Experienced Wage |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 412031 | Retail Salespersons | 344,846 | 391,259 | 46,413 | 13.5 | 142,563 | 10.18 | 8383 | 13.34 |
2 | 353021 | Combined Food Preparation and Serving Workers, Including Fast Food | 231,200 | 271,131 | 39,931 | 17.3 | 115,048 | 9.05 | 8.79 | 9.74 |
3 | 353031 | Waiters and Waitresses | 210,126 | 231,053 | 20,927 | 10.0 | 103,363 | 9.15 | 8.79 | 11.84 |
4 | 412011 | Cashiers | 223,396 | 235,165 | 11,769 | 5.3 | 93,726 | 9.22 | 8.82 | 10.21 |
5 | 434051 | Customer Service Representatives | 219,039 | 249,981 | 30,942 | 14.1 | 78,200 | 13.77 | 10.08 | 17.06 |
6 | 291141 | Registered Nurses | 168,885 | 196,503 | 27,618 | 16.4 | 52,993 | 29.89 | 24.28 | 34.01 |
7 | 537062 | Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand | 135,018 | 150,708 | 15,690 | 11.6 | 49,379 | 11.26 | 8.91 | 14.62 |
8 | 436014 | Secretaries and Administrative Assistants, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive | 185,531 | 215,051 | 29,520 | 15.9 | 47,332 | 14.57 | 10.61 | 17.57 |
9 | 439061 | Office Clerks, General | 154,202 | 167,735 | 13,533 | 8.8 | 39,313 | 12.56 | 9.37 | 15.74 |
10 | 372011 | Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners | 124,617 | 142,478 | 17,861 | 14.3 | 36,142 | 9.83 | 8.79 | 11.91 |
11 | 373011 | Landscaping and Grounds keeping Workers | 100,774 | 115,176 | 14,402 | 14.3 | 34,735 | 11.00 | 9.09 | 13.10 |
12 | 435081 | Stock Clerks and Order Fillers | 120,597 | 124,128 | 3,531 | 2.9 | 33,097 | 10.98 | 8.93 | 13.19 |
13 | 311014 | Nursing Assistants | 89,500 | 108,035 | 18,535 | 20.7 | 31,882 | 11.49 | 9.89 | 12.82 |
14 | 352014 | Cooks, Restaurant | 95,857 | 112,564 | 16,707 | 17.4 | 31,876 | 11.48 | 9.39 | 13.36 |
15 | 132011 | Accountants and Auditors | 82,405 | 94,055 | 11,650 | 14.1 | 31,055 | 29.72 | 20.82 | 39.68 |
Source: Department of Economic Opportunity, October 2015
(ii) Emerging Demand Industry Sectors and Occupations
Emerging Demand Industries
Most of the emerging industries were chosen from among the 4-digit North American Industry Classification System industries with the fastest projected growth rates over the next eight years. Several industries were excluded because they belong in the existing in-demand industry sectors list. Some additional industries were chosen because of a strong increase in employment since 2011. Health care, professional and personal services industries top the lists of emerging industries. Emerging industries tend to employ a higher percentage in professional occupations.
Figure 2.03
Top Emerging Industries
Code | Title | 2015Employment | 2023Employment | 2015 Total Change | 2023 PercentChange |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
5416 | Management, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services | 90,520 | 116,273 | 25,753 | 28.5 |
6213 | Offices of other Health Practitioners | 48,364 | 62,077 | 13,713 | 28.4 |
6117 | Educational Support Services | 5,278 | 6,731 | 1,453 | 27.5 |
8129 | Other Personal Services | 29,510 | 37,439 | 7,929 | 26.9 |
6219 | Other Ambulatory Health Care Services | 13,279 | 16,690 | 3,411 | 25.7 |
6214 | Outpatient Care Centers | 51,241 | 63,885 | 12,611 | 24.7 |
6223 | Private Specialty (Except Psychiatric and Substance Abuse) | 13,618 | 16,694 | 3,076 | 22.6 |
5415 | Computer Systems Design and Related Services | 75,200 | 92,080 | 16,880 | 22.4 |
6111 | Private Elementary and Secondary Schools | 60,190 | 73,489 | 13,299 | 22.1 |
6113 | Private Universities | 54,499 | 66,387 | 11,888 | 21.8 |
6215 | Medical and Diagnostic Laboratories | 20,363 | 24,625 | 4,262 | 20.9 |
6112 | Private Junior Colleges | 5,374 | 6,460 | 1,086 | 20.2 |
5191 | Other Information Services | 6,057 | 7,621 | 1,204 | 19.9 |
5413 | Architectural, Engineering, and Related Services | 72,912 | 87,217 | 14,305 | 19.6 |
6114 | Business Schools and Computer and Management Training | 5,044 | 5,993 | 949 | 18.8 |
5417 | Scientific Research and Development Services | 16,845 | 19,930 | 3,085 | 18.3 |
5414 | Specialized Design Services | 8,715 | 10,225 | 1,510 | 17.3 |
5239 | Other Financial Investment Activities | 16,881 | 19,773 | 2,891 | 17.1 |
5112 | Software Publishers | 11,554 | 15,513 | 1,959 | 17.0 |
5419 | Other Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services | 44,733 | 52,038 | 7,305 | 16.3 |
4889 | Other Support Activities for Transport | 1,851 | 2,131 | 280 | 15.1 |
4452 | Specialty Food Stores | 14,828 | 16,375 | 1,547 | 10.4 |
Source: Florida Department of Economic Opportunity, Bureau of Labor Market Statistics, October 2015
Emerging Occupations
Emerging occupations consist of (1) new occupations in the workforce and (2) traditional occupations whose requisite knowledge, skills, and abilities are currently evolving in response to altered market conditions, new technology, and societal changes.
Some of the factors that cause occupations to emerge are changing technology, laws, demographics, and business practices. In Florida, common emerging occupations include physician assistants, civil engineers, registered nurses, and geothermal technicians. The most common industry sectors for emerging occupations are healthcare and professional services, due to ongoing advances in medical technology; life, physical, and environmental sciences; engineering, mathematics, and computer sciences; and psychology and the social sciences. Since emerging occupations are often driven by technological innovation, they tend to be high-skill occupations that require postsecondary education.
The majority of top emerging occupations occur in the healthcare (seven of top 15) and professional services (five of top 15) industry sectors.
The growth in healthcare sector emerging occupations reflects an increasing demand for medical services as a result of population aging, expanding medical insurance coverage, and technological innovation. There are several emerging specialties for physicians: hospitalists, who specialize in caring for patients throughout a hospital stay; nuclear medicine physicians, who use radiopharmaceuticals for diagnosis and therapy; and preventive medicine physicians, who develop ways to prevent disease and keep people from becoming ill or getting injured.
The professional services emerging occupations reflect an increasing demand for advanced engineering, quantitative, and computer software skills.
Energy-related sales representatives and geothermal technicians are two emerging occupations in the clean tech industry sector. Energy sales representatives buy or sell energy products on behalf of residential or commercial customers or utilities, and they negotiate and oversee contracts for energy sales. Geothermal technicians perform technical activities necessary for the generation of power from geothermal energy sources. In Florida, geothermal technicians are primarily involved with the installation, testing, and maintenance of residential and commercial geothermal heat pumps.
First-line supervisors of construction and extraction workers is prominent in the construction industry sector. The occupation is designated as emerging because construction supervisors increasingly work in the area of solar energy installation, which comprises the entire process of planning and coordinating the installation of photovoltaic solar and solar thermal systems.
The following table reflects occupations designated as “emerging” by O*NET OnLine. The top 15 emerging occupations (based on 2015-2023 percent job growth) are displayed for Florida statewide.
Figure 2.04
Top 15 Emerging Occupations
Rank | Code | Occupation | 2015 Employment | 2023 Employment | 2015-23 Level Change | 2015-23 Percent Change | Industry Sector Linkage | 2015Median Hourly Wage | 2015 Entry Wage | 2015 Experienced Wage |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 291071 | Physician Assistants | 5,308 | 7,280 | 1,972 | 37.2 | Healthcare | 46.59 | 35.95 | 53.94 |
2 | 152041 | Statistician | 930 | 1,232 | 302 | 32.5 | Professional Services | 26.27 | 15.37 | 36.74 |
3 | 471011 | First-Line Superv. of Construction and Extraction Workers | 41,563 | 52,868 | 11,305 | 27.2 | Construction | 26.46 | 18.59 | 32.75 |
4 | 131081 | Logisticians | 5,404 | 6,862 | 1,458 | 27.0 | Professional Services | 32.11 | 22.39 | 39.47 |
5 | 291122 | Occupational Therapists | 5,915 | 7,249 | 1,333 | 22.5 | Healthcare | 40.13 | 29.46 | 47.59 |
6 | 151121 | Computer Systems Analysts | 21,025 | 25,330 | 4,305 | 20.5 | Professional Services | 39.34 | 26.62 | 48.72 |
7 | 172051 | Civil Engineers | 13,483 | 16,150 | 2,667 | 19.8 | Professional Services | 39.15 | 27.07 | 48.96 |
8 | 291069 | Hospitalists, Nuclear and Preventative Medicine Physicians | 15,480 | 18,454 | 2,974 | 19.2 | Healthcare | 93.58 | 56.21 | 123.14 |
9 | 292099 | Neurodiagnostic and Ophthalmic Technologists, Surgical Assistants | 7,260 | 8,634 | 1,374 | 18.9 | Healthcare | 17.33 | 12.77 | 23.42 |
10 | 299099 | Midwives | 1,261 | 1,492 | 231 | 18.3 | Healthcare | 15.51 | 11.52 | 25.10 |
11 | 439111 | Statistical Assistants | 267 | 311 | 44 | 16.5 | Professional Services | 17.57 | 11.32 | 22.55 |
12 | 291141 | Registered Nurses | 168,885 | 196,503 | 27,618 | 16.4 | Healthcare | 29.89 | 24.28 | 34.01 |
13 | 413099 | Sales Representatives, Energy Related | 75,594 | 87,957 | 12,263 | 16.2 | Clean Tech | 23.45 | 13.99 | 35.02 |
14 | 193039 | Clinical Neuropsychologists | 2,224 | 2,581 | 357 | 16.1 | Healthcare | 40.68 | 24.28 | 52.56 |
15 | 499099 | Geothermal Technicians | 13,630 | 15,770 | 2,140 | 15.7 | Clean Tech | 15.81 | 11.01 | 19.13 |
Source: Florida Department of Economic Opportunity, Bureau of Labor Market Statistics, October 2015
(iii) Employers’ Employment Needs
The needs of employers with respect to knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) are provided for each occupation in the labor market by the O*Net system https://www.onetonline.org/.
By using the content in the O*Net database it is possible to analyze the knowledge, skills and abilities for individual occupations, occupational groups, or targeted occupations. The following is an analysis of occupations that are new and emerging, have rapid growth, and have numerous job openings. O*Net importance scores for the various KSAs were matched to the relevant occupational groups.
New and emerging occupations lean toward KSAs that rely on mathematical and computer knowledge, comprehension, listening, and thinking skills. The most important abilities emphasize comprehension, problem sensitivity, and reasoning.
Occupations with the most job openings focus on customer service and English language knowledge along with mathematics, while the top skills are thinking, listening, and speaking. Top abilities scores are sensitivity to problems, near vision, along with comprehension and reasoning. There is less emphasis on higher-level KSAs compared to new and emerging occupations.
Occupations with rapid growth look much like occupations with numerous job openings as defined by O*Net. Softer skills such as active listening and speaking are prevalent while abilities include sensitivity to problems, comprehension, and vision.